(Difference between pages)
imported>WikiSysop |
imported>ThorstenStaerk |
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− | Regular expressions allow you to formulate patterns to search for. Here's an example: It is easy to search for the string "Sep" in a file, you do it with
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− | [[grep]] "Sep" file
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− | This gives you all lines containing the string "Sep". But what do you do if you only want lines ''starting'' with "Sep", for example, to read all lines in your syslog regarding september? Then you need '''regular expressions'''. It works like this:
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− | grep -E "^Sep" /var/log/messages
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− | gives you all entries for september in your syslog. And there is much more you can do with regular expressions.
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− | = Escaping =
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− | The characters ^ and \ are seen as control-characters. ^ means "at the beginning of a line". With a backslash, you can ''escape'' these control-characters, meaning they act as body-characters again:
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− | grep "^hallo" file
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− | finds all occurrences of "hallo" at the beginning of a line in ''file''.
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− | grep "\^hallo"
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− | finds all occurrences of "^hallo" in a file
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− | grep "\\^hallo"
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− | finds all occurrences of "\^hallo" in a file
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− | grep "\\\\^hallo"
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− | finds all occurrences of "\\^hallo" in a file
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− | And so on...
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− | = Matching =
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− | == Match string1 OR string2 ==
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− | grep -E "Sep|Aug" ''file''
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− | prints all lines from ''file'' that contain "Sep" ''or'' "Aug".
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− | == Match a group of characters ==
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− | grep -E "L[I,1]NUX" ''file''
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− | prints all lines from ''file'' that contain "LINUX" or "L1NUX"
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Revision as of 13:22, 6 November 2015